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教程 - 创建安全Webhook

中级

这是一个Building Blocks领域的自动化工作流，包含 14 个节点。主要使用 If, Set, Filter, Webhook, SplitOut 等节点。 教程 - 创建安全Webhook

前置要求
  • •HTTP Webhook 端点（n8n 会自动生成）
  • •可能需要目标 API 的认证凭证

使用的节点 (14)

If
Set
Filter
Webhook
SplitOut
StickyNote
HttpRequest
RespondToWebhook

分类

构建模块
工作流预览
可视化展示节点连接关系，支持缩放和平移
React Flow
导出工作流
复制以下 JSON 配置到 n8n 导入，即可使用此工作流
{
  "meta": {
    "instanceId": "e409ea34548a2afe2dffba31130cd1cf2e98ebe2afaeed2a63caf2a0582d1da0",
    "templateCredsSetupCompleted": true
  },
  "nodes": [
    {
      "id": "d776b55a-65fe-4e12-9071-58911fa9c5cc",
      "name": "已注册的 API 密钥",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.set",
      "position": [
        160,
        520
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {},
        "assignments": {
          "assignments": [
            {
              "id": "2ab01b9f-473f-4f1b-8ddf-8d5a7b706323",
              "name": "registered_api_keys",
              "type": "array",
              "value": "[\n   {\n      \"user_id\":\"user_1\",\n      \"api_key\":\"test\"\n   },\n   {\n      \"user_id\":\"user_2\",\n      \"api_key\":\"sk-lihefoihz12121ZFzk124zehfAZJAOJZ14joEKe1h\"\n   }\n]"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 3.4
    },
    {
      "id": "d20bdc9b-3020-4fa3-88c3-b6c3d5a585b2",
      "name": "API 密钥已识别",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.if",
      "position": [
        480,
        0
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {},
        "conditions": {
          "options": {
            "version": 2,
            "leftValue": "",
            "caseSensitive": true,
            "typeValidation": "strict"
          },
          "combinator": "and",
          "conditions": [
            {
              "id": "0e476976-504d-4d21-a5d1-849fe54d322f",
              "operator": {
                "type": "string",
                "operation": "exists",
                "singleValue": true
              },
              "leftValue": "={{ $json.user_id }}",
              "rightValue": "={{ $('Secured Webhook').item.json.headers['x-api-key'] }}"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 2.2
    },
    {
      "id": "73ee78a3-9e0c-4f24-a05f-f860dc8fda88",
      "name": "便签1",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        120,
        -260
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "color": 3,
        "width": 300,
        "height": 420,
        "content": "### ⚙️ 密钥验证逻辑"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "b34ad49e-351a-4f42-8336-d4300d442c50",
      "name": "响应 Webhook（成功）",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.respondToWebhook",
      "position": [
        700,
        -100
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {},
        "respondWith": "json",
        "responseBody": "={\n  \"status\": \"success\",\n  \"user_id\": \"{{ $json.user_id }}\"\n}"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1.4
    },
    {
      "id": "2da5855a-d54a-43f1-b4c5-3ff510a10bd3",
      "name": "响应 Webhook（未授权）",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.respondToWebhook",
      "position": [
        700,
        100
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {
          "responseCode": 401
        },
        "respondWith": "json",
        "responseBody": "{\n  \"error\": \"Please provide a valid x-api-key header.\"\n}"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1.4
    },
    {
      "id": "0b56b704-4dd6-490a-9998-f8eb2ef0a00e",
      "name": "受保护的 Webhook",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.webhook",
      "position": [
        -60,
        0
      ],
      "webhookId": "bf0be3b1-f140-4bc5-9040-a0e71dd78661",
      "parameters": {
        "path": "tutorial/secure-webhook",
        "options": {},
        "httpMethod": "POST",
        "responseMode": "responseNode",
        "authentication": "headerAuth"
      },
      "credentials": {
        "httpHeaderAuth": {
          "id": "pDp6BhprTE7kfSQy",
          "name": "n8n Templates"
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 2
    },
    {
      "id": "7308010d-5050-4e5e-8c8b-c57194b88516",
      "name": "检查 API 密钥",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.httpRequest",
      "onError": "continueRegularOutput",
      "position": [
        220,
        0
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "url": "={{ $env.WEBHOOK_URL + ($env.N8N_ENDPOINT_WEBHOOK ?? \"webhook\") }}/tutorial/secure-webhook/api-keys",
        "options": {},
        "sendBody": true,
        "authentication": "genericCredentialType",
        "bodyParameters": {
          "parameters": [
            {
              "name": "api_key",
              "value": "={{ $json.headers['x-api-key'] }}"
            }
          ]
        },
        "genericAuthType": "httpHeaderAuth"
      },
      "credentials": {
        "httpHeaderAuth": {
          "id": "pDp6BhprTE7kfSQy",
          "name": "n8n Templates"
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 4.2,
      "alwaysOutputData": true
    },
    {
      "id": "88070916-27b2-42fb-8005-970b6d5a08fc",
      "name": "查找 API 密钥",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.filter",
      "position": [
        600,
        520
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {},
        "conditions": {
          "options": {
            "version": 2,
            "leftValue": "",
            "caseSensitive": true,
            "typeValidation": "strict"
          },
          "combinator": "and",
          "conditions": [
            {
              "id": "526ec1b1-4f6d-41ea-b35a-1347c01aa03a",
              "operator": {
                "name": "filter.operator.equals",
                "type": "string",
                "operation": "equals"
              },
              "leftValue": "={{ $json.api_key }}",
              "rightValue": "={{ $('Get API Key').last().json.body.api_key }}"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 2.2,
      "alwaysOutputData": true
    },
    {
      "id": "2a06aaa0-1ac3-4750-9770-6eec7e9310a9",
      "name": "获取 API 密钥",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.webhook",
      "position": [
        -60,
        520
      ],
      "webhookId": "bf0be3b1-f140-4bc5-9040-a0e71dd78661",
      "parameters": {
        "path": "tutorial/secure-webhook/api-keys",
        "options": {},
        "responseMode": "lastNode",
        "authentication": "headerAuth"
      },
      "credentials": {
        "httpHeaderAuth": {
          "id": "pDp6BhprTE7kfSQy",
          "name": "n8n Templates"
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 2
    },
    {
      "id": "3803f9b8-deec-4262-a76b-bfd72d572493",
      "name": "分离用户",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.splitOut",
      "position": [
        380,
        520
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "options": {},
        "fieldToSplitOut": "registered_api_keys"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "d81a0dd5-9c90-4fee-a7ec-46e9aabb53a3",
      "name": "测试受保护的 Webhook",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.httpRequest",
      "position": [
        -420,
        0
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "url": "={{ $env.WEBHOOK_URL + ($env.N8N_ENDPOINT_WEBHOOK ?? \"webhook\") }}/tutorial/secure-webhook",
        "method": "POST",
        "options": {},
        "sendHeaders": true,
        "authentication": "genericCredentialType",
        "genericAuthType": "httpHeaderAuth",
        "headerParameters": {
          "parameters": [
            {
              "name": "x-api-key",
              "value": "test"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "credentials": {
        "httpHeaderAuth": {
          "id": "pDp6BhprTE7kfSQy",
          "name": "n8n Templates"
        }
      },
      "typeVersion": 4.2
    },
    {
      "id": "ca63d58d-4683-4dbc-bd1e-6fd2724152f7",
      "name": "便签",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        -500,
        -180
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "color": 6,
        "width": 600,
        "height": 340,
        "content": "### ▶️ 公共端点与测试器"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "14afef1c-6a99-46f5-96e1-c536a9afde69",
      "name": "便签2",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        -140,
        320
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "color": 7,
        "width": 1020,
        "height": 380,
        "content": "### 📦 模拟数据库"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    },
    {
      "id": "12074ea9-65a9-4696-8c87-c77842f44467",
      "name": "便签3",
      "type": "n8n-nodes-base.stickyNote",
      "position": [
        440,
        -300
      ],
      "parameters": {
        "color": 7,
        "width": 440,
        "height": 580,
        "content": "#### ✅ 守门员"
      },
      "typeVersion": 1
    }
  ],
  "pinData": {
    "Get API Key": [
      {
        "body": {
          "api_key": "sk-lihefoihz12121ZFzk124zehfAZJAOJZ14joEKe1h"
        },
        "query": {},
        "params": {},
        "headers": {
          "via": "1.1 Caddy",
          "host": "api.ia2s.app",
          "accept": "application/json,text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml,text/*;q=0.9, image/*;q=0.8, */*;q=0.7",
          "user-agent": "axios/1.8.3",
          "x-n8n-auth": "my-secret-n8n-webhooks-password",
          "content-type": "application/json",
          "content-length": "58",
          "accept-encoding": "gzip, compress, deflate, br",
          "x-forwarded-for": "192.168.80.1",
          "x-forwarded-host": "api.ia2s.app",
          "x-forwarded-proto": "https"
        },
        "webhookUrl": "https://api.ia2s.app/webhook/tutorial/secure-webhook/api-keys",
        "executionMode": "production"
      }
    ],
    "Secured Webhook": [
      {
        "body": {},
        "query": {},
        "params": {},
        "headers": {
          "via": "1.1 Caddy",
          "host": "api.ia2s.app",
          "accept": "application/json,text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml,text/*;q=0.9, image/*;q=0.8, */*;q=0.7",
          "x-api-key": "sk-lihefoihz12121ZFzk124zehfAZJAOJZ14joEKe1h",
          "user-agent": "axios/1.8.3",
          "x-n8n-auth": "my-secret-n8n-webhooks-password",
          "content-length": "0",
          "accept-encoding": "gzip, compress, deflate, br",
          "x-forwarded-for": "192.168.80.1",
          "x-forwarded-host": "api.ia2s.app",
          "x-forwarded-proto": "https"
        },
        "webhookUrl": "https://api.ia2s.app/webhook/tutorial/secure-webhook",
        "executionMode": "production"
      }
    ]
  },
  "connections": {
    "Get API Key": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "Registered API Keys",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    },
    "Check API Key": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "API Key Identified",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    },
    "Secured Webhook": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "Check API Key",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    },
    "Split Out Users": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "Find API Key",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    },
    "API Key Identified": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "Respond to Webhook (success)",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ],
        [
          {
            "node": "Respond to Webhook (unauthorized)",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    },
    "Registered API Keys": {
      "main": [
        [
          {
            "node": "Split Out Users",
            "type": "main",
            "index": 0
          }
        ]
      ]
    }
  }
}
常见问题

如何使用这个工作流？

复制上方的 JSON 配置代码，在您的 n8n 实例中创建新工作流并选择「从 JSON 导入」，粘贴配置后根据需要修改凭证设置即可。

这个工作流适合什么场景？

中级 - 构建模块

需要付费吗？

本工作流完全免费，您可以直接导入使用。但请注意，工作流中使用的第三方服务（如 OpenAI API）可能需要您自行付费。

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难度等级
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节点数量14
分类1
节点类型8
难度说明

适合有一定经验的用户，包含 6-15 个节点的中等复杂度工作流

作者
Lucas Peyrin

Lucas Peyrin

@lucaspeyrin

Innovative builder with a passion for crafting automation solutions that solve real-world challenges. From streamlining workflows to driving efficiency, my work empowers teams and individuals to achieve more with less effort. Experienced in developing scalable tools and strategies that deliver results with n8n, supabase and cline.

外部链接
在 n8n.io 查看 →

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